Ечемик, чесън и риба са на върха

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Ечемик, чесън и риба са на върха – Древните гърци (V век пр.Хр.)

Сухият и горещ климат, съчетан с неплодородието на почвата са принуждавали гърците да се хранят твърде скромно:
1. Храни, приготвени от ечемик и пшеница. В ежедневното им меню влизали питки от ечемичено брашно, а пшеничните пазели за празник;
2. Специфичното ястие, наречено „опсон“, приготвено от зеленчуци, лук, маслини, месо, риба и плодове;
3. На трапезата присъствали всеки ден сирене и чесън;
4. Едно от основните блюда била рибата, най-вече сардина и аншоа;
5. Миди, морски мекотели, сепии и калмари;
6. Бобът и лещата консумирали под формата на пюре.

Как са се хранели нашите предци

…Спартанците пестели във всичко. От ядене спестявали така:
Странстващ спартанец си купил малка риба и помолил един гостилничар да я приготви. Стопанинът се съгласил, но поиска още оцет, зехтин и сирене. Тогава спартанецът възразил: „Ако имах сирене, зехтин и оцет, нямаше да има нужда да си купувам риба“.

Нашите предци не можели да си обяснят как без помощта на боговете млякото се превръща в сирене, гроздовия сок във вино и т.н. На Олимп боговете си имали „тясна специализация“… Великият Зевс предава изкуството за приготвяне на храната в ръцете на помощницата на бога на медицината Асклепий – Кулина. Другата му всесилна помощница е била дъщеря му Хигия – богиня на медицината и на хигиената.

Този мит се предава и в римската митология, само че там бог Асклепий се превръща в Ескулап, а неговата готвачка Кулина е наречена на латински – Кулинария. Но за това повече понататък, като стигнем до Древните римляни….
Панайот Василев, Евгений Воробьов, сп.“Трапеза“

Мнението на специалиста: В епохата на Перикъл, храната на хората е била добре балансирана и богата на зърнени растения, най-вече ечемик, който компенсирал повишената консумация на сирене.
Гръцките ястия са имали и друго предимство: благодарение на употребата на чесън и риба, артериите се запазвали в добро състояние и това спомагало за правилното кръвообращение. Бобът и лещата са допълвали едно меню, което би било приемливо и днес.
Оливерио Скулати

„Рибена чорба по гръцки“

морски костур (или друга риба) – 1 бр.
кромид лук – 1 бр.
корени за супа – 1 вр.
дафинов лист – 1бр.
черен пипер – 10 зърна
брашно – 2 с.л.
маргарин – 2 с.л.
чесън – 1/2 скилидка
домати – 2 бр.
сметана – 6 с.л.
сол

1. Рибата се изчиства и се разделя на порции;
2. Отделената кожа, глава и кости се варят окол 30 минути в 1 1/2 л вода заедно с лука (ситно нарязан), корените за супа, 5-6 зърна черен пипер и дафиновия лист;
3. Бульонът се прецежда;
4. Парчетата филе се слагат във врящия бульон и се варят на слаб огън, докато омекнат;
5. Маргаринът се разтопява, прибавя се брашното и се разрежда с рибен бульон;
6. Добавят се ситно нарязаните (или настъргани) домати, ччуканата скилидка чесън и сметаната;
7. Подправя се на вкус с черен пипер и сол;
8. В готовия бульон се слага риба, която се кипва още веднъж, сваля се от огъня и се оставя плътно похлурена 5 минути;
9. Сервира се с бял хляб.

Подбрал и подготвил Енчо Енчев